Friday, March 6, 2015

Love Others: The Second Great Command







LOVE OTHERS: THE SECOND GREAT COMMAND












Justin Steckbauer
Religious Capstone Seminar 489
Liberty University


Second Command in the Gospels
John 13:34 (ESV) says “A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another: just as I have loved you, you also are to love one another.” Christianity in it's essence is all about relationship between God and man. This relationship is cultivated through love exchanged between God and man. God is love. Man is not. Man therefore is urged in the first great command to “love the Lord your God with all your heart.” However, the command does not end with love exchange between God and man. A second great command is issued by Jesus Christ in the gospels: “Love your neighbor as yourself.” What does it mean to love your neighbor as yourself?
John 15:13 (ESV) says “Greater love has no one than this, that someone lay down his life for his friends.” Love is service and sacrifice. Love is action (John 3:16). Implicit in a relationship with God is love, and implicit in relationship with other humans is love and sacrifice for friends. But it doesn't stop there.

The expert in the law in Luke 10 asked Jesus “Who is my neighbor?” Jesus answered by telling the parable of the good Samaritan (Luke 10:30-37 ESV). The expert in the law remarked that the good Samaritan showed mercy to the traveler (Luke 10:37). Jesus told him to go and do like-wise (Luke 10:37). Love is service, sacrifice, and showing mercy. But it doesn't stop there.
Matthew 5:44 (ESV) says “But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you.” The second great command is all about loving other human beings. Does that include enemies? According the scriptures, enemies must be loved and prayed for.
The second great command is present in all four gospels: John 13:34, Matthew 22:39, Mark 12:31, and Luke 10:27. Love is vital to God. The gospels are the love story of God. God's love letters describe his love. God is love. God calls his children to love him and be reconciled to him. Yet God also calls his children to love one another. Neighbor love is vital to the Christian life. 

Jesus himself taught and practiced the perfect form of love for neighbor. Jesus loved and showed mercy to the woman at the well when he offered her living water (John 4). Jesus showed love for the Roman official and his son by healing the child of his fever (John 4). Jesus loved his people by feeding them, when he fed the 5,000 (John 6). Jesus loved the woman who was caught committing adultery by forgiving her sin and setting her free from the temple authorities (John 8). Jesus showed his great love for Mary, Martha, and Lazarus at the events described in John 11. Jesus certainly felt great love for his people. But he also showed his love in actions. He showed his love by caring for the lost. He showed his love by feeding people. He showed love by healing the sick. He showed his love by giving mercy, and giving life.
Significance
1 John 4:8 says “Anyone who does not love does not know God, because God is love.” The second great command is all about loving through action and feeling. God is love in that he sent his one and only son, who is himself God, to die for the sins of his people (John 3:16). From the Old Testament to the New Testament the vital instruction for daily living was simple: love God and love others. But are those principles inexorably linked? How is love practiced? How does one go about loving thy neighbor as thyself? Many of the greatest theologians of history have weighed in on the topic of the two great commands. Specifically love for neighbor was a hotly contested issue and many differing theological views emerged. The great theologian Augustine believed that self love and love for God were co-extensive (Post, 1990, p. 183). Augustine also believed that loving thy neighbor meant elevating neighbor to communion with God (Post, 1990, p. 183). Another theologian, Scheler believed that love for neighbor was an extension of love for God (Post, 1990, p. 187). Scheler believed that loving ones neighbor was a spiritual form of loving God (Post, 1990, p. 187). On the other hand Karl Barth believed that love for God and love for others were distinct and separate (Post, 1990, p. 182). John Passmore believed that love for neighbor was best lived out as a missional love intent on bringing neighbors into fellowship with God (Post, 1990, p. 182). T.S. Eliot, informed by the Anglican church, believed love for neighbor to be a descending to the non-religious in order to help them ascend to God (Post, 1990, p. 184). Similar to Eliot, Scheler believed there was a balance between accepting the sinner as is, and helping the sinner to become who they ought to be, all wrapped up within the idea of loving thy neighbor to help them come to God (Post, 1990, p. 186). As Rivera (2013) indicated in The Half Gospel and Reforming Mercy Ministry, the practice of loving thy neighbor through mercy ministries seems some what lacking in the church. While theologians focus in on sharing the gospel as the means of loving neighbor, it is also important to meet the physical needs of neighbors, as Jesus did. Jesus spent much of his ministry healing the sick and lame, and feeding the poor. Such ministries are vital to fulfilling the instruction to love thy neighbor as thyself. 

In the Christian life it's important to live as Christ did (1 John 2:6). Christ lived by serving others, even to the point of washing the feet of his disciples (John 13:1-17). To obey the second great command one must be willing to forsake selfishness and embrace self-giving love (Bracken, 2013, p.859). For Christians self-giving love should come more naturally than selfishness (Bracken, 2013, p.862). The work of the Holy Spirit in the believer helps the believer to live out love for neighbor (Bracken, 2013). Prayer is also vital to living out the second great commandment. If a believer is powered by the Holy Spirit, and determined to live out the second great command through love and service, they will produce much fruit for God and His glory (John 16:12-15).

Practical Application
Love for ones neighbor is truly all about practice and application. There are many ways to serve ones neighbor as thyself. The possibilities are listed in the text by Ted Rivera, Reforming Mercy Ministry. There are many options listed such as feeding the hungry, helping the homeless, prison ministry, and caring for spiritual needs (Rivera, 2013). Love for neighbor is very important to the Christian life (Rivera, 2013). Indeed scripture indicates that if someone does not love his neighbor this can be evidence that they are not really a Christian (1 John 3:15). The Christian is instructed to love even their enemies and pray for those who persecute them (Matthew 5:44). Jesus spent his three year ministry serving the poor and showing mercy to those who needed mercy. In order to live as Christ did, Christians must be willing to get down and dirty with those in the most severe need, both by showing affection through the gospel message and by meeting needs.

There are two primary applications of loving thy neighbor: the first is to show mercy to all people and share the gospel, and the second is to meet the needs of those in need. Such daunting applications are difficult, and are only possible by the Holy Spirit ministering through believers. The only reason that believers are capable of showing love and kindness is because God first loved all believers (1 John 4:19). The Holy Spirit will help believers in the process of learning to love and care for those in need. As long as believers are willing to forsake selfishness and take up their crosses and follow Jesus to love and service, then wherever there are people in need, Christ will be there to serve them (Matthew 16:24, 1 Corinthians 12:21-26).

Bibliography


Bracken, Joseph A., S.J. "The Challenge of Self-Giving Love." Theological Studies 74, no. 4 (12, 2013): 856-71, http://search.proquest.com/docview/1461737361?accountid=12085.

Post, Stephen. "The Purpose of Neighbor-Love." The Journal of Religious Ethics 18, no. 1 (1990): 181-93.

Rivera, Ted. Reforming Mercy Ministry: A Practical Guide to Loving Your Neighbor. IVP Books, 2014.

Sproul, R. C. The Reformation Study Bible: English Standard Version, Containing the Old and New Testaments. Orlando, Fla.: Ligonier Ministries ;, 2005.

Wright, Rebecca Abts. "The Impossible Commandment." Anglican Theological Review 83, no. 3 (Summer, 2001): 579-84, http://search.proquest.com/docview/215265612?accountid=12085.



Friday, February 27, 2015

We are Blessed Beyond Measure in Grace, Peace, and Gratitude



We have a lot to be grateful for as believers, don't you think?  The truth is we are truly blessed.  We've been selected by the designer of the human soul to spend eternity with him.  How marvelous is such a calling as this?  What greater purpose could there be?

Science, industry, fame, fortune, even art, music, and philosophy all pale in comparison to the humility of being in the presence of the designer of the rivers, the mountains, the animals, and the human soul.  

He is the grand architect.  Who can understand such a transcendent being?  We see God as our Father, yet he is certainly much more than that.  We see God as the architect of the universe, but he is much more than that too.  We see him as our savior, yet he is much more than that.  We see him as a being of immense power, but he is also much more complicated than that.  He is love, yet he is justice.  He is strength, yet he is tender care.  He is designer, yet he is intimate friend and companion.  He is God, yet he is also a man.  He is Spirit, yet he walked also as flesh.  He is the grand master of science, the inspiration behind art, music, sculptures, and speeches.  He dialed the constants of the universe as he designed his universe.  He set the Earth in nothingness, and painted the galaxies with stars and gas giants and nebula.  

Yet he also crafted the ears on the cat, and the jaw of the dog.  He ran his hands along the contours of the horse and the immense dimensions of the whales of the ocean.  

Despite his infinite power, and ability and knowledge, he chose of all those about, to love me.  And I have begun to learn how to love him.  He loves you also.  He loves you with a special love, a love designed live a puzzle piece that fits into your soul.  He designed humans to love and be with him.  You and I are designed in his image.  

I can't understand it.  I really truly can't.  I bump my head on the sealing.  It's very real.  So real.  God reveals a plan and a requirement through the books of the Bible.  The haunting thing about the Bible is it reveals something has gone terribly wrong.  From the world it becomes clear.  Thankfully the solution is offered, a substitute, a savior, God himself, Jesus Christ.

Blessed with grace, as children of God, we've found ourselves returned to our natural state: communion and fellowship with God and other believers.   

Tuesday, February 24, 2015

Sex, Cuisine, and Television: Overcoming the World




Wednesday, February 11, 2015

What is the matrix?


The most important question of our age may be: What is the matrix?  In light of the rise in secular humanism, and the growing concerns over political, economic, and banking corruption worldwide, one must wonder... What is going on here?  Why is the depravity so pervasive?  What is causing this rise in corruption?  Why are so many institutions no longer trusted by the public? 

I first began to understand some things when I read a book called 1984 by George Orwell.  I understood a bit more after reading another book called Brave New World by Aldous Huxley.  These are two books written by atheists, ironically enough.  A certain series of movies called the Matrix helped me understand more.  Documentaries like Inside Job, Food Inc, Bowling for Columbine, For Liberty, Why We Fight, Endgame, Evolution vs. God, and Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed helped me to further understand more complex issues.  And a big book called the Bible helped me put all the pieces together.

Let's go on a little journey.  Scope out if you will, and try to look beyond the society.  Look beyond the billboards, television screens, the bar grills, the sports fields, the church conferences, and the American dream.  

What is really happening here?  What is the truth?  What is the matrix?  Why is there a matrix? And how do we escape this matrix?

To understand how to truly escape the matrix requires an understanding of faith and spirituality.  But I don't want to get ahead of myself.  This will not be an attempt to logically prove that such a matrix exists.  Anyone who investigates the entirety of the evidence, I believe, would have to come to the conclusion that there is a matrix of control.  It manufactures consent.  It builds the minds of young people to assimilate into the system.  This essay will instead be an examination of some of the allegory found within the Matrix movies regarding the system of control and the key to it's defeat.  If you've never viewed the Matrix trilogy then don't read any further; spoilers, and you won't be able to follow the ideas very well.


"Let me tell you why you're here. You're here because you know something. What you know you can't explain, but you feel it. You've felt it your entire life, that there's something wrong with the world. You don't know what it is, but it's there, like a splinter in your mind, driving you mad. It is this feeling that has brought you to me. Do you know what I'm talking about?" -Morpheus

Ecclesiastes 12:1-14 Remember also your Creator in the days of your youth, before the evil days come and the years draw near of which you will say, “I have no pleasure in them”; before the sun and the light and the moon and the stars are darkened and the clouds return after the rain, in the day when the keepers of the house tremble, and the strong men are bent, and the grinders cease because they are few, and those who look through the windows are dimmed, and the doors on the street are shut—when the sound of the grinding is low, and one rises up at the sound of a bird, and all the daughters of song are brought low— they are afraid also of what is high, and terrors are in the way; the almond tree blossoms, the grasshopper drags itself along, and desire fails, because man is going to his eternal home, and the mourners go about the streets—

I've always known, since age four or five, that something was very wrong with planet Earth.  It didn't quite make sense.  And so began a journey.  For me, that was the journey that eventually led to the spiritual seeker mentality.  It was the deepest sensation, very real, and based on intense observation, yet also an intuitive response: Something is wrong here.

World wars?  Diseases?  Those weren't even the first questions.  The first question was why does going anywhere, doing anything require money?  Why are so many resources directed towards what seem to be foolish pursuits?  I remember wondering.. where is the community center?  Where do people go to just talk, spend time together, without having to buy something or purchase a product?  Well, there is no such place.  No "city center" as I thought of it.  There are restaurants where you pay, movie theatres where you pay, and many other establishments.  No loitering.  I found it confusing from a very young age.  What's happening here?  Is this right? 

After reading books like 1984 and Brave New World I began to consider things on a larger scale.  Why do nations war?  If the nations are all in such debt, who are they in debt to?  Why are all my friends so obsessed with trivial pursuits like clothes, sports, games, drugs, and brand names?  Why are there television screens everywhere?  Why do people have access to such information yet know so little?  Even larger issues.. like Genocide.  War. Sex slavery.  Disease.  Corruption. Poverty? 

Money, money, money... greed, greed, greed.  At the core, most everyone serving themselves and ignoring the needs of others.  Enough resources to go around, but the few hoarding to the destruction of so many.

For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evils -1 Timothy 6:10

 The rich rules over the poor, and the borrower is the slave of the lender. Proverb 22:7

Learn to do right; seek justice. Defend the oppressed. Take up the cause of the fatherless; plead the case of the widow. -Isaiah 1:17


For you were called to freedom, brothers. Only do not use your freedom as an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another.  -Galatians 5:13

 

"The Matrix is a system, Neo. That system is our enemy. But when you're inside, you look around, what do you see? Businessmen, teachers, lawyers, carpenters. The very minds of the people we are trying to save. But until we do, these people are still a part of that system and that makes them our enemy. You have to understand, most of these people are not ready to be unplugged. And many of them are so inured, so hopelessly dependent on the system, that they will fight to protect it." - Morpheus

Matthew 12:30 Anyone who isn't with me opposes me, and anyone who isn't working with me is actually working against me.


Our hero Neo can sense sin all around him.  It's a splinter in his mind, and it drives him mad.  So he seeks out the truth teller, the rebel in the wilderness, he seeks out the John the baptist character, Morpheus, who is part of an underground truth movement.

The Morpheus character meets with Neo and invites him to join the resistance.  Red pill or blue pill.  Red pill, he joins, blue pill, he wakes up and believes whatever he wants to believe (kind of like the new spirituality - believe whatever you want.)  Neo selects the red pill, but Morpheus offers a warning, "Remember, all I'm offering is the truth."  The truth is not always a pretty thing.  In fact, I've found it exceedingly difficult to "swallow" at times.  But I've found the very grim truth to be best described in the Book.  And I'd rather know the difficult truth, than believe a convenient lie like "consciousness evolution" or "all paths to the same place."  There is a serious problem on planet Earth.  Every person knows it.  

After taking the red pill, the main character Neo wakes up from the illusion.  He finds himself in a broken wasteland, in a pod suspended in mid air, with millions of others, with plugs in his arms legs and body.  The system recognizes he is unplugs and rejects him, down a shoot into a garbage area, and it's there that a hovership piloted by Morpheus picks him up.  

As they bring Neo onto the hovership Morpheus says, "Welcome to the real world."

To me, this is an allegory to becoming a Christian.  Many would throw up their arms in disgust at that statement.  "You mean something so cool as the matrix could have anything to do with that!?  "Christian" is sitting in a boring wooden pew every week half asleep with pedophile priests!!"  Now now, no. That's the control system caricature.  We all know very well that more often than not, the truth is surrounded by a body guard of lies.

But think about it.  Really think about it.  The Christian leaves the world of convenience and self service to a radical new mission.  The modernist "everything is hunky-dory" mentality is shattered.  The middle class pursuits, the 9 to 5, bar life, empty existence..  It's all shattered.  At least it should be.  The Christian wakes up on a very real battlefield.  It's a spiritual battlefield of the mind.  The Christian finds himself on enemy territory, in the dominion of evil, but freed from the control system by Jesus Christ, the hero who has overcome the world.  He invites us to acts of sabotage against the control system.  If we will believe, and follow him, everything is possible (Philippians 4:13).

"You have to let it all go, Neo. Fear, doubt, and disbelief. Free your mind." -Morpheus

But overhearing what they said, Jesus said to the ruler of the synagogue, “Do not fear, only believe.” Mark 5:36 

Phillipians 4:13 I can do all things through Christ who strengthens me.




Morpheus trains Neo as a new member of his hovership the Nebuchadnezzar, a vessel that hacks into the matrix system to "free minds" from the control system and teach them the truth.  Much like Christians are called to "free minds" from the dominion of darkness and bring them to the light of Jesus Christ.  Neo finds himself as a member of a resistance group defending "the last human city" a place called Zion. 


For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms. Ephesians 6:12






So what is the matrix?  It could be said that the matrix is a sort of modernity, a modern mindset that keeps a person enslaved.  To me it's the lavish lifestyle of the American and European.  It's buying, buying, buying.  It's being exposed to thousands of advertisements a day.  It's an unnatural obsession with sexuality.  It's a depraved media.  It's a political climate that never changes.  It's the curtailing of civil liberties.  It's the dominance of industry over people.  It's the quiet rule of banking institutions.  It's the power of industry and media to manipulate the mindset of entire countries of people.  It's slavery to selfishness, greed, and superficial pursuits. 

Even after reading Orwell, Huxley, Thoreau, I was still locked in tight.  I wasn't necessarily plugged into the full mentality.  But I was plugged in through drugs, alcohol, and selfishness.  Despite my knowledge, special knowledge was not enough.  The matrix wasn't just around me, it was within me.  

It was Jesus Christ who set me free from the matrix.  He rescued me, and made me a new man.  I needed to become a new person to transcend the false reality.  Then he gave me a ministry.  He put me to work as a maquis, a soldier of the global resistance.  Just like Neo, Morpheus, and the crew of the Nebuchadnezzar I now hack into the matrix and free minds from the control system.  I write regarding the truth, I attempt to defend the truth and expose "different" folks like myself to the truth.  I'm on a hovership, dodging sentinels, fighting a spiritual war for the souls of mankind.

As a Christian, walking through a "super store" with the screens everywhere all on the same channel... or at an Applebees bar with ten different screens on the wall.. or in a waiting room, with a screen on the wall playing a cooking show... or waiting in line to make a purchase at the dollar store... I know that I am the resistance.  I know that I've been called out of the matrix, to tell people about how to escape the matrix.  And there is only one way to escape the matrix: Jesus Christ as described in the books of the Bible.  Those words bring with them His presence.  Secular humanism will not solve the problem.  New age vague spirituality will not solve the problem.  Consciousness evolution, the deification of public education, will not solve the problem.  Why?  Because they all ignore the fact that the problem is not outside us, or around us, in the wall, or in the institutions, in the technology, the problem is more fundamental than that... the problem is within all of us.  Thankfully there is a cure.  Jesus Christ.  He is freedom from this world, with it's many addictions and slaveries dressed up as delicacies.  The Matrix will be toppled by our savior outwardly in the years to come.  But it can be toppled today within you, by his indwelling presence.  Take a chance, and shimmer.

Morpheus: The Matrix is everywhere. It is all around us. Even now, in this very room. You can see it when you look out your window or when you turn on your television. You can feel it when you go to work... when you go to church... when you pay your taxes. It is the world that has been pulled over your eyes to blind you from the truth.
Neo: What truth?
Morpheus: That you are a slave, Neo. Like everyone else you were born into bondage. Into a prison that you cannot taste or see or touch. A prison for your mind. 

 Luke 4:18 “The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he has anointed me to proclaim good news to the poor. He has sent me to proclaim liberty to the captives and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty those who are oppressed"
 
John 8:32 And you shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.

John 14:6 Jesus answered, "I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me."




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