LOVE OTHERS: THE SECOND GREAT COMMAND
Justin
Steckbauer
Religious
Capstone Seminar 489
Liberty
University
John 13:34 (ESV) says “A new
commandment I give to you, that you love one another: just as I have
loved you, you also are to love one another.” Christianity in it's
essence is all about relationship between God and man. This
relationship is cultivated through love exchanged between God and
man. God is love. Man is not. Man therefore is urged in the first
great command to “love the Lord your God with all your heart.”
However, the command does not end with love exchange between God and
man. A second great command is issued by Jesus Christ in the
gospels: “Love your neighbor as yourself.” What does it mean to
love your neighbor as yourself?
John 15:13 (ESV) says “Greater love
has no one than this, that someone lay down his life for his
friends.” Love is service and sacrifice. Love is action (John
3:16). Implicit in a relationship with God is love, and implicit in
relationship with other humans is love and sacrifice for friends.
But it doesn't stop there.
The expert in the law in Luke 10 asked
Jesus “Who is my neighbor?” Jesus answered by telling the
parable of the good Samaritan (Luke 10:30-37 ESV). The expert in the
law remarked that the good Samaritan showed mercy to the traveler
(Luke 10:37). Jesus told him to go and do like-wise (Luke 10:37).
Love is service, sacrifice, and showing mercy. But it doesn't stop
there.
Matthew 5:44 (ESV) says “But I say to
you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you.” The
second great command is all about loving other human beings. Does
that include enemies? According the scriptures, enemies must be
loved and prayed for.
The second great command is present in
all four gospels: John 13:34, Matthew 22:39, Mark 12:31, and Luke
10:27. Love is vital to God. The gospels are the love story of God.
God's love letters describe his love. God is love. God calls his
children to love him and be reconciled to him. Yet God also calls
his children to love one another. Neighbor love is vital to the
Christian life.
Jesus himself taught and practiced the
perfect form of love for neighbor. Jesus loved and showed mercy to
the woman at the well when he offered her living water (John 4).
Jesus showed love for the Roman official and his son by healing the
child of his fever (John 4). Jesus loved his people by feeding them,
when he fed the 5,000 (John 6). Jesus loved the woman who was
caught committing adultery by forgiving her sin and setting her free
from the temple authorities (John 8). Jesus showed his great love
for Mary, Martha, and Lazarus at the events described in John 11.
Jesus certainly felt great love for his people. But he also showed
his love in actions. He showed his love by caring for the lost. He
showed his love by feeding people. He showed love by healing the
sick. He showed his love by giving mercy, and giving life.
Significance
1 John 4:8 says “Anyone who does not
love does not know God, because God is love.” The second great
command is all about loving through action and feeling. God is love
in that he sent his one and only son, who is himself God, to die for
the sins of his people (John 3:16). From the Old Testament to the
New Testament the vital instruction for daily living was simple: love
God and love others. But are those principles inexorably linked?
How is love practiced? How does one go about loving thy neighbor as
thyself? Many of the greatest theologians of history have weighed in
on the topic of the two great commands. Specifically love for
neighbor was a hotly contested issue and many differing theological
views emerged. The great theologian Augustine believed that self
love and love for God were co-extensive (Post, 1990, p. 183).
Augustine also believed that loving thy neighbor meant elevating
neighbor to communion with God (Post, 1990, p. 183). Another
theologian, Scheler believed that love for neighbor was an extension
of love for God (Post, 1990, p. 187). Scheler believed that loving
ones neighbor was a spiritual form of loving God (Post, 1990, p.
187). On the other hand Karl Barth believed that love for God and
love for others were distinct and separate (Post, 1990, p. 182).
John Passmore believed that love for neighbor was best lived out as a
missional love intent on bringing neighbors into fellowship with God
(Post, 1990, p. 182). T.S. Eliot, informed by the Anglican church,
believed love for neighbor to be a descending to the non-religious in
order to help them ascend to God (Post, 1990, p. 184). Similar to
Eliot, Scheler believed there was a balance between accepting the
sinner as is, and helping the sinner to become who they ought to be,
all wrapped up within the idea of loving thy neighbor to help them
come to God (Post, 1990, p. 186). As Rivera (2013) indicated in The
Half Gospel and Reforming Mercy Ministry, the practice of
loving thy neighbor through mercy ministries seems some what lacking
in the church. While theologians focus in on sharing the gospel as
the means of loving neighbor, it is also important to meet the
physical needs of neighbors, as Jesus did. Jesus spent much of his
ministry healing the sick and lame, and feeding the poor. Such
ministries are vital to fulfilling the instruction to love thy
neighbor as thyself.
In the Christian
life it's important to live as Christ did (1 John 2:6). Christ lived
by serving others, even to the point of washing the feet of his
disciples (John 13:1-17). To obey the second great command one must
be willing to forsake selfishness and embrace self-giving love
(Bracken, 2013, p.859). For Christians self-giving love should come
more naturally than selfishness (Bracken, 2013, p.862). The work of
the Holy Spirit in the believer helps the believer to live out love
for neighbor (Bracken, 2013). Prayer is also vital to living out the
second great commandment. If a believer is powered by the Holy
Spirit, and determined to live out the second great command through
love and service, they will produce much fruit for God and His glory
(John 16:12-15).
Love for ones neighbor is truly all about practice and application.
There are many ways to serve ones neighbor as thyself. The
possibilities are listed in the text by Ted Rivera, Reforming
Mercy Ministry. There are many options listed such as feeding
the hungry, helping the homeless, prison ministry, and caring for
spiritual needs (Rivera, 2013). Love for neighbor is very important
to the Christian life (Rivera, 2013). Indeed scripture indicates
that if someone does not love his neighbor this can be evidence that
they are not really a Christian (1 John 3:15). The Christian is
instructed to love even their enemies and pray for those who
persecute them (Matthew 5:44). Jesus spent his three year ministry
serving the poor and showing mercy to those who needed mercy. In
order to live as Christ did, Christians must be willing to get down
and dirty with those in the most severe need, both by showing
affection through the gospel message and by meeting needs.
There are two primary
applications of loving thy neighbor: the first is to show mercy to
all people and share the gospel, and the second is to meet the needs
of those in need. Such daunting applications are difficult, and are
only possible by the Holy Spirit ministering through believers. The
only reason that believers are capable of showing love and kindness
is because God first loved all believers (1 John 4:19). The Holy
Spirit will help believers in the process of learning to love and
care for those in need. As long as believers are willing to forsake
selfishness and take up their crosses and follow Jesus to love and
service, then wherever there are people in need, Christ will be there
to serve them (Matthew 16:24, 1 Corinthians 12:21-26).
Bibliography
Bracken, Joseph A., S.J. "The
Challenge of Self-Giving Love." Theological Studies
74, no. 4 (12, 2013): 856-71,
http://search.proquest.com/docview/1461737361?accountid=12085.
Post, Stephen. "The Purpose of Neighbor-Love." The
Journal of Religious Ethics 18, no. 1 (1990): 181-93.
Rivera, Ted. Reforming Mercy Ministry: A Practical Guide to Loving
Your Neighbor. IVP Books, 2014.
Sproul, R. C. The Reformation Study Bible: English Standard
Version, Containing the Old and New Testaments. Orlando, Fla.:
Ligonier Ministries ;, 2005.
Wright, Rebecca Abts. "The Impossible Commandment."
Anglican Theological Review 83, no. 3 (Summer, 2001): 579-84,
http://search.proquest.com/docview/215265612?accountid=12085.
